Quickly confirm diagnoses across a wide range of pediatric conditions and consult the most recent management recommendations, immunization schedules, procedures, and therapeutic guidelines specific to children. In patients under 2 years of age, parents were able to measure HR by palpation in 18% of children (17/92) and by auscultation in 84% (77/92). Blood pressure is 127/81 mm Hg (95th percentile for age and gender). 14-20. edu -The child's stature (length) and weight-Any allergies the child may have-Current medications being taken by the child-The child's vital signs-The reason for the clinic visit 2. If an advanced airway is in place during CPR (eg, endotracheal tube, Combitube, LMA), ventilate at a rate of 8 to 10 times per minute without pausing chest compressions. The medical assistant should use the one closest to the measurement. 4. Brady and Ron Keren and Patrick H. Apr 1, 2013 · A high proportion of vital signs among hospitalized children would be considered out of range according to existing reference ranges and pediatric EWSs. Bonafide and Patrick W. Temperature b. CONCLUSIONS: A high proportion of vital signs among hospitalized children would be considered out of range according to existing reference ranges and pediatric EWSs. Graves ophthalmopathy occurs in up to one third of children. All of the above, Which of the following is not recorded on the pediatric growth chart? a. These include the evidence-based centile curves of heart rates (HRs) and respiratory rates (RRs) of the following Mar 23, 2018 · Conclusion. Health care providers rely on registered nurses to document vital signs and communicate abnormalities. You will notice that there are some discrepancies for normal pediatric vital signs in the literature. for infants and children 0 to 2 years of age. Include assessment of parent/caregiver-child interactions and potential signs of abuse such as May 18, 2016 · This app can be used to see normal vital signs for children in the age range of 1-18 years. 1 SBP Rule of Thumb; 3 Estimation of Weight; 4 See Also. Weight e. Enter Weight. This is for anyone who prefers to see normal pediatric vital signs listed outside of the chart format. 3 out of 5 = 3/5) Basic Vital Sign – Blood Pressure (BP) BP (at rest) 90th percentile (systolic/diastolic) Age F M INTRODUCTION. 10% of preschoolers are overweight. Adult. 60-100. Using the proposed personalized thresholds would decrease low and high heart rate alarms by up to 50% and 44% Growth Charts - Homepage. Patterns of change in physiological variables are as important, as the thresholds shown here. Uses the 2006 WHO growth standard charts to report percentiles and Z-scores on infants from 0 to 24 months of age. [1] Various anthropometric criteria for the diagnosis The US Core Pediatric Head Occipital Frontal Circumference Percentile Profile inherits from the US Core Vital Signs Profile. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure measurements should fall within established percentiles for a child’s age and size. –Pediatric Vital Signs Chart–. When to Suspect Metabolic Disease. 1542/peds. The percentiles we derived may serve as useful references for clinicians and could be used to inform the development of evidence-based vital sign parameters for physiologic monitor alarms Table 5-10 a Normal Pediatric Vital Signs 176 Normal pediatric heart rates Cardiovascular Disorders ESTIMATION OF MEDIAN AND LOWEST ACCEPTABLESYSTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE IN CHILDREN7þu Median (50th percentile) systolic blood pressure: 17 Sleeping heart rate (per min) 80-160 75-160 60-90 60-90 60-90 50-90 Age Neonate Infant (6 mol Toddler Preschooler Term neonate (0 to 28 days) : < 60 mm Hg Infants (1 to 12 months) < 70 Children 1 to 10 years (5th percentile for BP) < 70 + ( 2 x age in years) Children > 10 years (are like adults) <90. SPO2 is lower in the immediate newborn period. Print. 90-120 / 60-80. The percentiles derived may serve as useful references for clinicians and could be used to inform the development of evidence-based vital sign parameters for physiologic monitor alarms, inpatient electronic health record vital sign alerts, medical emergency team calling criteria, and EWSs. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends: Mar 14, 2017 · Episode 93 – PALS Guidelines. Measurements and main results: The training set consisted of 358 case events and 1,830 controls; the testing set had 331 case events and 1,215 controls. Enter Measurement Date. Conclusions: A high proportion of vital signs among hospitalized children would be considered out of range according to existing reference ranges and pediatric EWSs. Search Bing for all related images Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Pediatric vital signs consist of all the following except, What is recorded in the pediatric growth chart, Growth chart goes from birth to what and more. Recognizing the significance of providing clinicians with intuitive and efficient tools for accessing pediatric vital sign distributions, our study May 18, 2016 · This app can be used to see normal vital signs for children in the age range of 1-18 years. Best chance for success is Electrical Therapy within 10 minutes of event! ABG (Normal): pH: 7. d. 16, 17 Finally, we aimed to directly compare our HR and RR percentile cut points to those from a recent meta-analysis of vital sign distributions in well children. Blood pressure values include the following percentiles: 5th, 50th, 90th, 95th and 99th. One parameter associated with serious illness is hypotension [1–3]. Overweight 2-year-olds are twice as likely to become an obese adult. Growth charts are used by pediatricians, nurses, and parents to track the growth of infants, children, and adolescents. Mar 5, 2023 · Note that normal vital sign values for children are different than they are for adults. Height b. Place covered probe under arm and hold child’s arm down – wait for result. 1°F. Jan 10, 2019 · Comparison of actual 1st and 99th percentiles of vital sign data observed over the first 24 hours of monitoring with the expected percentiles calculated using a lognormal model characterized by the observed mean and variance for the vital sign of interest. Development of heart and respiratory rate percentile curves for hospitalized children. Bates, for example, gives quite different reference ranges. Pulse c. Minimum SBP = 70 mmHg + (2 x Age in years) For infants, the age is Signs include diffuse goiter, tachycardia, and hypertension. (A) 1st percentile of heart rate, R 2 = 0. 1. The above values are based on some of the more widely used sources: Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics, Harriet Lane, and the NIH Heart Rate (beats/min) Respiratory Rate (breaths/min) AgeAwake Asleep Normal Neonate (<28 d) 100-205 90-160 Infant (<1 y) 30-53 Infant (1-12 mos) 100-190 Results: We used 60,863 observations to derive the percentiles. Two recent studies have compared default age-based pediatric vital sign alarm thresholds from hospitals with the observed vital signs in each age group. For school-age children, our upper percentiles were higher. Although eye findings are less dramatic than in adults, children may have eyelid lag or red or prominent eyes, sometimes with proptosis (exophthalmos). The purpose of this study is to derive age-specific centile charts for the heart rate and respiratory rate of the children who visited the emergency department. Common pediatric vital sign classification criteria identify >80% of children in the prehospital setting as having abnormal vital signs, though few receive lifesaving interventions (LSIs). OBJECTIVE: To develop and validate heart and respiratory rate percentile curves for hospitalized children Nov 18, 2020 · To promote interoperability and adoption through common implementation, this profile sets minimum expectations for the Observation resource to record, search, and fetch pediatric head occipital frontal circumference (OFC) percentile observations associated with a patients from birth to 37 Months of age using a standard LOINC code and UCUM units of measure. 60 - 100. 90-120. 8 kg/m 2 (85th percentile for age). Jun 10, 2009 · Vital Sign – Oxygen Saturation Normal Values: 95% and above at room air Sick Vital Sign – Pain Perception Wong-Baker Pain Scale can be used in children >3yrs old Be sure to note how many points the assessment is out of (ex. Temperature: Normal body temperature ranges for pediatric patients vary slightly depending on how it’s measured (oral, rectal, axillary, or tympanic). Therefore, measuring patient outcomes and complications specifically associated with the finding of FTT can be challenging. The results provide a more accurate reflection of the normal ranges, with percentiles, for children of various ages. Age - The age of the child in months. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like True or false? Aaron's length measurement falls between two percentile lines on the growth chart. 12 - 20. This profile sets minimum expectations for the Observation resource to record, search, and fetch pediatric head occipital frontal circumference (OFC) percentile observations associated with a patient from birth to 37 Months of age using a standard LOINC code and UCUM May 18, 2016 · This app can be used to see normal vital signs for children in the age range of 1-18 years. 2 Slowing of growth in head circumference may A comprehensive physical assessment allows the nurse to assess a child’s growth, development, and health status. We conducted an observational study to Aug 13, 2022 · Parents were able to measure the child's HR by palpation in 58% of patients (118/203) and by auscultation in 71% of patients (145/203, Figure 1 ). Incidence of overweight has doubled for children 2 to 5 years old since 1970. , Dr. Children and adolescents may present with alterations in growth Dec 1, 2021 · Bonafide CP et al. See full list on medicine. Despite its common use as a descriptive diagnosis, the exact definition of the condition remains debated. Oct 16, 2023 · We expand upon research evaluating centile-based criteria for vital signs among adults in the acute care setting by the development and comparison of unadjusted and age-adjusted models. They may be useful to identify vital signs deviating from ranges expected among hospitalized children. Blood pressure level for boys and girls by age and height percentile. View topics in the Tables section of Harriet Lane Handbook. Feb 16, 2024 · In most medical settings, the four standard primary vital signs are as follows: Heart rate (pulse) Respiratory rate Blood pressure Body temperature Normal values for each of these vital signs vary by age and, in some cases, by sex. In 2006, the World Health Organization (WHO) released an international growth standard which describes the growth Background: Vital signs are frequently used in pediatric prehospital assessments and guide protocol utilization. Sep 4, 2023 · Measurement of arterial BP was known for many decades as one of the main neonatal vital signs and crucial parameters for assessing hemodynamics. Patient has a high risk of death. Referenced vital sign parameters are based on expert opinion but heart rate and respiratory rate percentiles in hospitalized children have been published. 2. You made the judgment that Austin's breathing is labored, based on a quick observation. I know, depressing thought. (n. 35-7. 1 Pediatric Critical Care; 5 See Also; 6 References Sep 9, 2021 · Pediatric Vital Sign Normal Ranges Modified Bedside Pediatric Early Warning System 1 used the 10th and 90th percentiles as normal parameters, whereas modified Bedside Pediatric Early Warning System 2 used fifth and 95th percentiles. Nov 27, 2019 · Vital signs are important in the recognition of acutely ill children. Apr 24, 2018 · 12-15 Years. The first publication describing the distribution of EHR-documented vital signs in hospitalized children was published in 2013. Apply a small amount of lubricant to a covered probe, insert into rectum – wait for result. 59 of 69 reported data for heart rate from 150 080 measurements of 143 346 children, and 20 reported data for respiratory rate from 7565 measurements on 3881 children, with ten studies reporting data for both vital signs (for scatter plots of data see webappendix p 5). 4 However, PALS criteria for vital signs are primarily derived from studies of healthy children in the ambulatory setting. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Pediatric vital signs consist of all of the following except what? a. But, over the past 15 years, survival to discharge from pediatric cardiac arrest has Sep 15, 2018 · Percentiles and observations of changes along the chart's curve should be assessed at every visit. They also vary depending on age, sex, and weight . National Center for Health Statistics. Mar 25, 2022 · Vital signs are among the most important factors for pediatric patient assessment. Now, unlike assessing an adult where a head -to-toe sequence is generally followed, with children, the Apr 1, 2023 · The most commonly referenced standard for age-based vital signs for the emergency care of children are those published by the American Heart Association (AHA) in the Pediatric Advanced Life Support (PALS) algorithm. Table Graphic Jump Location Mar 15, 2011 · We identified 69 studies from 2028 publications. 15 years and older. The percentiles we derived may serve as useful references for clinicians and could be used to inform the development of evidence-based vital sign parameters for physiologic monitor The US Core Pediatric Head Occipital Frontal Circumference Percentile Profile inherits from the US Core Vital Signs Profile. 929. 2012-2443 Corpus ID: 13140948; Development of Heart and Respiratory Rate Percentile Curves for Hospitalized Children @article{Bonafide2013DevelopmentOH, title={Development of Heart and Respiratory Rate Percentile Curves for Hospitalized Children}, author={Christopher P. Measuring vital signs in children with fever at the emergency department: an observational study on adherence to the NICE recommendations in Europe. The four vital signs are: In children with growth faltering, the physical examination should focus on vital signs, muscle mass, fat deposition, hair thinning, and skin changes. Vital signs are within normal limits. 97. https Vital sign data were extracted from electronic health records of all inpatients <18 years of age at the Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP) and Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC) from July 1, 2011, to June 30, 2012. 22 Jan 27, 2021 · 90-120 / 60-75. Mar 17, 2015 · In a recent paper, Fleming and colleagues presented new age-specific centiles developed for heart and respiratory rates by systematically reviewing all studies of these vital signs in healthy children. Dead: Patient presents with an arrhythmia. uiowa. 46 studies were cross Vital signs measurements aid in the early identification of patients at risk of clinical deterioration and determining the severity of illness. BEST taken with rectal temperature for children up to age 2. 90-130. Conway and Keith A. 110-131. 5, 6, 7 For Children Aged 1 to <13 y: For Children Aged ≥13 y: Normal BP: <90th percentile <120/<80 mmHg: Elevated BP: ≥90th to <95th percentile or 120/80 mmHg to <95th percentile (whichever is lower) 120/<80 to 129/<80 mmHg: Stage 1 HTN: ≥95th to <95th percentile+12 mmHg or 130/80 to 139/89 mmHg (whichever is lower) 130/80 to 139/89 mmHg: Stage Sep 1, 2017 · These pediatric hypertension guidelines are an update to the 2004 “Fourth Report on the Diagnosis, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure in Children and Adolescents. Growth charts consist of a series of percentile curves that illustrate the distribution of selected body measurements in children. Beyond this period, a SPO2 of <92% should be a cause of concern and may suggest a respiratory disease or cyanotic heart disease. 16-20. Up to age 5 – Axillary temperature. For example, a boy at the 25th percentile for weight weighs more than 25% of boys his age. 8 – 99. Oct 17, 2022 · The pedbp R package is a novel pediatric BPP reference tool capable of providing BPPs for all children regardless of stature measurement availability. Percentile - The weight percentile of the child. S. The following formula applies for infants (1 mo to 12 months) and children 1 to 10 years. Mar 25, 2022 · The reference ranges of healthy children were concluded to be suitable in prehospital settings; however, excessive reliance on vital signs carried potential risks due to their limited sensitivities and specificities. Enter Birthday. Of the 2 PPG-based applications, parents measured HR These percentiles are then used as personalized vital sign thresholds, which are evaluated by comparing to non-default alarm thresholds used in practice, and by using the presence of major clinical events to infer alarm labels. Pediatric vital sign assessment plays a crucial role in clinical care, serving as a fundamental tool for monitoring children’s health and guiding appropriate medical interventions. Sep 26, 2022 · Anthropometric measurements are noninvasive quantitative measurements of the body. Growth charts are percentile curves showing the distribution of selected body measurements in children. " Click on the image (or right click) to open the source website in a new browser window. ” Significant changes in these guidelines include (1) the replacement of the term “prehypertension” with the term “elevated blood pressure,” (2) new normative pediatric blood pressure (BP) tables based on May 18, 2016 · This app can be used to see normal vital signs for children in the age range of 1-18 years. Fill in the age and gender to see the normal range of blood pressure, heart rate and respiratory rate. This profile sets minimum expectations for the Observation resource to record, search, and fetch pediatric head occipital frontal circumference (OFC) percentile observations associated with a patients from birth to 37 Months of age. [1] Typically, they are used in the pediatric population to evaluate the general health status, nutritional adequacy, and the growth and developmental Age Birth (12 hrs, <1000g) Birth (12 hrs, 3kg) Neonate (96 hours) 1-12 months 1-2 years 3-5 years 6-7 years 10-12 years 12-15 years Systolic BP (mm May 13, 2024 · Blood pressure norms in children depend on age, height, and weight. 3 out of 5 = 3/5) Basic Vital Sign – Blood Pressure (BP) BP (at rest) 90th percentile (systolic/diastolic) Age F M Vital signs cause patient to become symptomatic with chest pain, shortness of breath, or confusion. This profile sets minimum expectations for the Observation resource to record, search, and fetch pediatric head occipital frontal circumference (OFC) percentile observations associated with a patient from birth to 37 Months of age using a standard LOINC code and UCUM . Dec 4, 2023 · Normal vital signs provide a baseline for health, helping spot potential issues early on. We sought to identify data-driven thresholds Apr 11, 2024 · Discussion. Height is 160 cm (30th percentile for age), weight 58. All of the vitals from the pediatric vital signs chart are written out at the end of this article. ^Fever directly causes an increase in heart rate of 10 beats per minute per degree centigrade [2] Jan 10, 2019 · This study focuses on addressing alarm fatigue in a pediatric population, as the change in vital signs with age results in higher inter-patient variation compared to the adult population. I remember when I started practicing emergency medicine a decade and a half ago it seemed that any kid who came to our ED in cardiac arrest died. Overall, an increase in body temperature of 1°C was associated with an increase of ∼ 10 beats per minute in HR, although there were variations across age and temperature ranges. Background We hypothesized that current Mar 19, 2011 · The percentiles derived may serve as useful references for clinicians and could be used to inform the development of evidence-based vital sign parameters for physiologic monitor alarms, inpatient electronic health record vital sign alerts, medical emergency team calling criteria, and EWSs. ). CDC recommends that health care providers: Use Mar 11, 2013 · We aimed to determine the proportion of vital signs in our cohort that fell outside textbook 18 – 21 reference ranges and those that would be assigned points using existing EWSs. A percentile shows the relative position of the child's BMI, Weight, or Height among children of the same sex and age. Aug 5, 2020 · To effectively use vital signs as indicators in children, the magnitude of deviation from expected vital sign distribution should be determined. Because normal blood pressure values vary with age, accurate age-related reference values are needed to correctly identify hypotension in children and guide interventions. Heart and respiratory rate centiles derived from a large real-world non-hospitalized ED pediatric population can inform the modification of electronic and paper-based screening tools to stratify children by the degree of deviation from normal for age rather than dichotomizing children into groups having “normal” versus “abnormal” vital signs. We used temperature data from visits in the Stanford Research Repository (STARR), a database comprised of Stanford Medicine electronic medical record (EMR) data, including patient demographics, vital signs, and encounter details. This pediatric reference badge has vital signs, immunization schedule, neurologic exam, QR codes for burns, height / weight percentile calculator, milestones and dosage calculator. 2 Newborn Vital Signs [3] 2 Systolic Blood Pressure. 2013;131(4):e1150-e1157. 4 kg (75th percentile for age) and body mass index (BMI) 22. A doctor or physician should be consulted to determine weight status. If a girl is at the 40th percentile for weight, she weighs more than 40% of girls at that same age. Temperature. Mar 30, 2014 · This well performed systematic review compiles all the data regarding normal heart rates and respiratory rates in children, including over 150,000 data points. Apr 10, 2023 · The pediatric early warning score (PEWS) is a tool used to predict clinical deterioration. As the nurse, you’ll assess the child’s general appearance, growth and physiologic measurements, and each body system. In the victim with a perfusing rhythm but absent or inadequate respiratory effort, give 12 to 20 breaths per minute. 98. Expand Jul 28, 2022 · While well-child visits are intended for healthy children, children may occasionally have acute illnesses. For infants and young children, our upper percentiles were lower than in primary care and ED settings. 1 Pediatric vital signs chart [1] 1. 17,20 Research has shown that the default heart rate alarm thresholds in a pediatric hospital often fall near the 50th percentile of heart rate values Normal pediatric pulse oximetry (SPO2) values have not yet been firmly established. Respiration d. They are used as initial measurements in acutely unwell children, as well as in those undergoing more intensive monitoring in high dependency or intensive care settings. Helpful for pediatric nurses. 2013 Apr;131(4):e1150-7. The table below provides acceptable ranges for systolic BP, heart rate and respiratory rate for unwell children. Pediatric Vital Signs Reference Chart Reproduced with permission from Bonafide CP, Brady PW, Keren R, et al. Patient has no pulse, is without vital signs, and/or is unconscious. Growth Charts are an essential "vital sign" of pediatric health maintenance visits - 0-2→WHO chart - 2+→CDC chart Percentile=compared to others of same age and gender Normal range is 3rd-97th for weight and height (within 2 SD of mean) Generally, children will maintain the same percentile, reflecting normal growth rates A higher percentile isn't better! What We Know About Kids and Obesity Today. 6. 3rd, Pulse Rate/Heart Rate 4th, Blood Pressure 5th, Pain Score, Blood Oxygen Saturation, Blood Glucose Level Glasgow Coma Scale 1, RESPIRATORY RATE: A child’s respiratory rate refers to the number of breaths they take each minute. 11 They then used these centiles to define new evidence-based reference ranges. Head circumference, When analyzing data on a growth chart, when the dot is plotted on Feb 1, 2024 · Common Components of Vital Sign are: 1st, Respiratory Rate 2nd, Body Temperature 5. 60-90. 6, 7 For example, a HR of 110 beats/min, which corresponds to the 75th percentile in younger adults (<65 years), may be of much greater significance in older Percentile curves for heart and respiratory rate in hospitalized children were developed and validated. The percentiles we derived may serve as useful references for clinicians and could be used to inform the development of evidence-based vital sign parameters for physiologic monitor Apr 1, 2013 · DOI: 10. Walden has asked you to determine Aaron's BMI. 1,2 Numerous blood pressure reference tables have Mar 20, 2017 · While there can be variations, given a child’s overall condition, the average vital signs for an infant are: heart rate (newborn to 1 month): 85 to 190 when awake. Weight c. Currently 30% of American youth are overweight or obese*. 13-14 years. The distributions differed from existing reference ranges and early warning scores. van de Maat J et al. This tool could aid pediatricians and researchers in interpreting vital signs, identifying children with hypertension or shock, and developing pediatric clinical decision support tools. 12-20. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), anthropometry provides a valuable assessment of nutritional status in children and adults. Side one of our pediatric vital signs badge buddy includes temperature ranges, blood pressure, heart rate and respiration ranges. Per the CDC, WHO Growth Standards are recommended for use in the U. Vital signs are important for patient assessment, but little is known about interpreting those of children in prehospital settings. Volume Replacement Strategy. Marsolo and Carrie Daymont Mar 3, 2011 · Heart rate and respiratory rate are key vital signs used to assess the physiological status of children in many clinical settings. Several pediatric early warning tools have been designed to predict in-hospital deterioration (1–12) based on literature showing that a large percentage of adult and pediatric patients who suffer in-hospital cardiopulmonary arrest (CPA) have detectable signs of clinical deterioration in the 24–48 hours prior to arrest (13–20). 45 Nov 28, 2005 · Give each breath over 1 second. Note, this calculator uses the Center for Disease Center (CDC) children charts for 2-20 year olds. heart rate (1 month to 1 year vital signs with patient age5,6. Pediatric growth charts have been used by pediatricians, nurses, and parents to track the growth of infants, children, and adolescents in the United States since 1977. Feb 24, 2020 · Knowing the ideal pediatric vital sign numbers can help parents and caregivers assess a child’s health. 6 Goel and colleagues have built upon this prior work in their manuscript, in which they present percentiles of EHR-documented heart rate (HR) and respiratory rate (RR) developed using data from more than 7000 children Nov 12, 2023 · Failure to thrive (FTT) is a common term to describe a lack of adequate weight gain in pediatric-aged patients. From heart rate to respirators rate, blood pressure to temperature—this page gives an overview on what ‘normal’ looks like across various pediatric age groups. 64-83. Both studies found that default heart rate alarm thresholds fall near the 50th percentile of patient data, leading to an unnecessarily large alarm load22,23 Mar 23, 2018 · Heart and respiratory rate centiles derived from a large real-world non-hospitalized ED pediatric population can inform the modification of electronic and paper-based screening tools to stratify children by the degree of deviation from normal for age rather than dichotomizing children into groups having “ normal” versus “abnormal” vital signs. In 2 to 3-year-olds, overweight prevalence is up 40% since 1994. Pediatrics . The purpose of this project was to improve the provider notification process regarding abnormal vital signs in a pediatric emergency department. This is EM Cases Episode 92 – PALS Guidelines. This study used the Korea’s National Emergency Department Information System dataset May 1, 2015 · Overall, an increase in body temperature of 1°C was associated with an increase of ∼10 beats per minute in HR, although there were variations across age and temperature ranges. These images are a random sampling from a Bing search on the term "Pediatric Vital Signs. Vital signs obtained while subjects were in any intensive care or cardiac unit were excluded. To determine the BMI of a pediatric patient the medical assistant must first measure:, True or false? At two Jun 10, 2009 · Vital Sign – Oxygen Saturation Normal Values: 95% and above at room air Sick Vital Sign – Pain Perception Wong-Baker Pain Scale can be used in children >3yrs old Be sure to note how many points the assessment is out of (ex. ws nr sn pz xb jv my hq mu wx